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Erhan Genç (A03), Christoph Fraenz (A03), Onur Güntürkün (A01), Robert Kumsta (F02): Wie Gene, Hirneigenschaften und Intelligenz zusammenhängen

Das News-Portal der RUB berichtet:

Die Gene beeinflussen unterschiedliche Strukturen und die Funktion des Gehirns. Diese wiederum erklären Unterschiede im Verhalten. Alle drei Aspekte auf einmal zu analysieren ist eine Herausforderung – aber nun gelungen.

Intelligenz ist zum Teil genetisch bedingt. Es gibt Studien, die belegen, dass gewisse Genvariationen mit besseren Leistungen in Intelligenztests verknüpft sind. Andere Studien zeigen, dass unterschiedliche Hirneigenschaften, zum Beispiel eine effiziente Vernetzung, mit Intelligenz zusammenhängen. Erstmals haben Forschende nun alle drei Parameter – Gene, unterschiedliche Hirneigenschaften und Verhalten – gleichzeitig untersucht. Mit Genanalysen, kernspintomografischen Aufnahmen und Intelligenztests wies das Team nach, welche Hirneigenschaften das Bindeglied zwischen Genen und Verhalten bilden.

Die Ergebnisse beschreibt ein Team um Dorothea Metzen von der Arbeitseinheit Biopsychologie der Ruhr-Universität Bochum und Dr. Erhan Genç, früher an der Ruhr-Universität, heute am Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung in Dortmund (IfADo), in der Zeitschrift „Human Brain Mapping“, online veröffentlicht am 4. April 2023.

Originalartikel der RUB: >>

Originalartikel als PDF: >>

Scientific Paper: >>

New Year, New Me: The Facts

As the calendar turns to a new year, millions of people around the world commit to New Year’s resolutions, making promises to use the new year as a fresh beginning and an opportunity for transformation. In 2024, almost three-quarters of the British population set themselves New Year’s resolutions — that’s around 40 million people (or the entire population of Canada). This tradition was particularly strong among younger generations, with 96% of Generation Z (aged 18-27) planning resolutions, compared to just 35% of the Silent Generation (aged 79+).

Most common new years resolutions:

  1. Saving more money (52%)
  2. Eat healthier (50%)
  3. Exercise more (48%)
  4. Lose weight (37%)
  5. Spend more time with family/friends (35%)

How long do most resolutions normally last before being broken?

  • Data from America (2016) shows that 75% of individuals maintain their resolutions through the first week. 
  • 64% of individuals maintain their resolutions through the first month. 
  • 46% of individuals in America keep their resolutions past the 6-month mark.

What makes resolutions stick?

Oscarsson et al. (2020) conducted research into what makes New Year’s resolutions stick. Biggest success rates depended on how people phrased their goals. Participants who set approach-oriented goals (trying to move toward or maintain a desirable outcome or state) than those with avoidance-oriented goals (trying to move toward or maintain a desirable outcome or state) were significantly more successful (58.9% vs. 47.1%) at sticking to their goals.

The study also investigates the effects of outside support. These participants received monthly follow-ups and emails with information and exercises for coping with hurdles when striving toward personal goals, and were also encouraged to set goals using the SMART technique and to set interim goals. The group that received some support was exclusively and significantly more successful compared to the groups who received a lot of support or no support at all. 

Additionally, you might feel more successful if you set goals that are measurable in numbers. While success for a person striving to quit smoking or lose weight could easily be measured in the number of cigarettes smoked or body mass index, the success for a person striving to „take better care of themselves“ could be highly subjective and possibly impossible to measure.

So as we enter 2026, let’s remember to work with our brain’s natural learning system: Frame your goals positively, break them into manageable steps, and celebrate small wins along the way.